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【英文标准名称】:StandardTestMethodforDeterminationofIndividualComponentsinSparkIgnitionEngineFuelsby1000150;MetreCapillary(withPrecolumn)High-ResolutionGasChromatography
【原文标准名称】:用100米毛细管(柱前)高分辨率气相色谱法测定火花点火发动机燃料中各成分的标准试验方法
【标准号】:ASTMD6730-2001(2006)e1
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:
【发布日期】:2001
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:D02.04.0L
【标准类型】:(TestMethod)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:汽油;试验方法;机动车燃料;气相色谱法
【英文主题词】:detailedhydrocarbonanalysis;DHA;gaschromotography;hydrocarbons;opentubularcolumn;oxygenates;PIONA;PONA
【摘要】:Knowledgeoftheindividualcomponentcomposition(speciation)ofgasolinefuelsandblendingstocksisusefulforrefineryqualitycontrolandproductspecification.Processcontrolandproductspecificationcomplianceformanyindividualhydrocarbonscanbedeterminedthroughtheuseofthistestmethod.Thistestmethodisadoptedfromearlierdevelopmentandenhancement.4,5,6,7Thechromatographicoperatingconditionsandcolumntuningprocess,includedinthistestmethod,weredevelopedtoprovideandenhancetheseparationandsubsequentdeterminationofmanyindividualcomponentsnotobtainedwithprevioussingle-columnanalyses.Thecolumntemperatureprogramprofileisselectedtoaffordthemaximumresolutionofpossibleco-elutingcomponents,especiallywheretheseareoftwodifferentcompoundtypes(forexample,aparaffinandanaphthene).Althoughamajorityoftheindividualhydrocarbonspresentinpetroleumdistillatesaredetermined,someco-elutionofcompoundsisencountered.Ifthistestmethodisutilizedtodeterminebulkhydrocarbongroup-typecomposition(PONA),theuserofsuchdatashouldbecautionedthatsomeerrorwillbeencounteredduetoco-elutionandalackofidentificationofallcomponentspresent.Samplescontainingsignificantamountsofolefinicornaphthenic,orboth,constituentsaboveoctanemayreflectsignificanterrorsinPONA-typegroupings.Ifwaterisorissuspectedofbeingpresent,itsconcentrationisdeterminedbytheuseofTestMethodD1744.Othercompoundscontainingoxygen,sulfur,nitrogen,andsoforthmayalsobepresent,andmayco-elutewiththehydrocarbons.Whenknownco-elutionexists,thesearenotedinthetestmethoddatatables.Ifdeterminationofthesespecificcompoundsisrequired,itisrecommendedthattestmethodsforthesespecificmaterialsbeused,suchasTestMethodD4815andD5599foroxygenates,TestMethodD5580foraromatics,andTestMethodD5623forsulfurcompounds.1.1Thistestmethodcoversthedeterminationofindividualhydrocarboncomponentsofspark-ignitionenginefuelsandtheirmixturescontainingoxygenateblends(MTBE,ETBE,ethanol,andsoforth)withboilingrangesupto225176;C.Otherlightliquidhydrocarbonmixturestypicallyencounteredinpetroleumrefiningoperations,suchasblendingstocks(naphthas,reformates,alkylates,andsoforth)mayalsobeanalyzed;however,statisticaldatawasobtainedonlywithblendedspark-ignitionenginefuels.1.2Basedonthecooperativestudyresults,individualcomponentconcentrationsandprecisionaredeterminedintherangefrom0.01toapproximately30mass%.Thetestmethodmaybeapplicabletohigherandlowerconcentrationsfortheindividualcomponents;however,theusermustverifytheaccuracyifthetestmethodisusedforcomponentswithconcentrationsoutsidethespecifiedranges.1.3Thistestmethodalsodeterminesmethanol,ethanol,t-butanol,methylt-butylether(MTBE),ethylt-butylether(ETBE),andt-amylmethylether(TAME)insparkignitionenginefuelsintheconcentrationrangefrom1to30mass%.However,thecooperativestudydataprovidedinsufficientstatisticaldataforobtainingaprecisionstatementforthesecompounds.1.4Althoughamajorityoftheindividualhydrocarbonspresentaredetermined,someco-elutionofcompoundsisencountered.Ifthistestmethodisutilizedtoestimatebulkhydrocarbongroup-typecomposition(PONA),theuserofsuchdatashouldbecautionedthat......
【中国标准分类号】:E31
【国际标准分类号】:75_160_20
【页数】:55P.;A4
【正文语种】:


【英文标准名称】:Medicalelectricalequipment.Part2:particularrequirementsforthesafetyofautomaticcyclingindirectbloodpressuremonitoringequipment.
【原文标准名称】:医疗电器设备.第2部分:自动循环血压监视设备和特殊安全要求
【标准号】:NFC74-388-1996
【标准状态】:作废
【国别】:法国
【发布日期】:1996-01-01
【实施或试行日期】:1996-01-05
【发布单位】:法国标准化协会(AFNOR)
【起草单位】:
【标准类型】:()
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:试验;电气工程;测定;安全工程;安全;周期的;医学科学;控制仪器;电医学;电气器具;间接的;监督(认可);血压仪;电气安全;规范(验收);定义;血压表;血压;医疗设备;医疗技术学;自动;安全要求
【英文主题词】:
【摘要】:
【中国标准分类号】:C46
【国际标准分类号】:11_040_55
【页数】:35P;A4
【正文语种】:其他